Author Archives: socalhousingbubble

What would it take to get you to buy a new home, Now?

The homebuilders are obviously stuck in a rut. Sales of new homes in and around Irvine have ground to virtual halt, and in response the builders have attempted one of the following remedies:

  • Suck it up and finish buildout. Communities that are more than 80% built out may find it easier to finish contruction and offer the last units for sale. Observed behavior has been to lower prices modestly and/or wait for someone to buy at a long-standing price.
  • Postpone. This can take the form of postponing the start of a community (Orchard Hills), or postponing the sales even though models are built (Woodbury East). It is theoretically possible for a partially built & sold community to suspend sales with the intent of re-opending, but I am not aware of any examples.
  • Bail out. This can take the form of abandoning plans to build, or more interestingly, actively euthanising a partially built community without any intention to return. Portola Springs’ Decada and Columbus Square’s Astoria are good examples; each shut down after one to two years of sales and not even reaching half of originally planned buildout.

Despite the fact that the market has changed so drastically from that of two years ago, I don’t sense an appropriate level of urgency on the part of homebuilders or the Irvine Company in adapting to the new downward-moving market. I’d like to offer my constructive analysis of what will and won’t work to get customers buying again. Some of these are based on what has been attempted or might be. Others are just ideas.

What Definitely Will Not Work:

  1. Sell even harder the great lifestyle that awaits. We’ve all seen a nauseating number of markeing pitches showing thirtysomethings drinking wine in a back yard or at a dining room table, sunlight trail biking/exercise pictures, and a strange emphasis on shopping that is two minutes away (as opposed to having to drive a whole six minutes to get to the on of the other dozen retail areas in Irvine).
  2. Try to make a big deal out of underwhelming discounts that are (at least) months behind reality. It is not just naive private sellers that demonstrate proclivity in chasing down the market. Despite some relatively aggresive cuts early in the slowdown, new homebuilders also participate in the “day late and dollar short” school of thought by offering $25k or $50k off of residences that were $75k-$100k overpriced when first floated and are now $125k-$150k or more overpriced because time has elasped, the market has worsened, and the prices haven’t changed.
  3. Offer ‘until close of escrow’ price protection. With virtually no sales taking place and inventory likely ready to go, anyone who does purchase probably will have a 30ish day escrow. In this slow of a market, no reductions are likely to take place in that timeframe, and if they did, the buyer can always play the game of I-won’t-close chicken to secure discounts.
  4. Lightly subsidized and/or teaser interest rates. This seems to be a favorite of Laing, and I don’t understand it on two levels. Consumers have learned they can refinance if rates fall, and they know they pay taxes forever on the sales price of the house. Also, weren’t teaser rates the huge contributing factor to the current pickle the market finds itself in? With increased consumer wariness of any “you can afford it for the first XX years” arrangement, it seems unlikely these woudl prove popular.

The Supply Side- Postponements and now, Shutdowns

Observation of the housing market in the months since last August’s meltdown in the secondary mortage market shows increasing signs of stress among the homebuilders. In addition to numerous further postponements, some builders have started throwing in the towel on certain communities. Here is a summary of what is updated and new since my initial post on this subject in October of 2007.

One source of particular interest and discussion is Orchard Hills. Originally slated for opening in late 2007, this was officially pushed back to 2009, and only a few months later the website is showing 2011.

Although a dissappointment to some Irvine Housing Blog

The Supply Side- Postponements and Pent Up Supply

As the busted 2007 summer selling (listing?) season has transitioned to a paralyzed fall market with persistently high new and resale inventory, the fact that Orange County real estate can decline in price is no longer deniable. The precipitous drop in sales creates a serious conundrum for most homebuilders: they have to balance the need for cash flow with the desire to maximize profits (or at least minimize losses) on their investments in land purchases and in-process construction. The homebuilders working with TIC have the significant added wrinkle of not fully controlling their own pricing.

Since the fear of being ‘priced out forever‘ has convincingly departed prospective homebuyers, many have accepted the proposition that remaining in a current home or renting might not be such a bad thing after all, at least until some more of the price excess is eliminated. The term “wait and see” is showing up in more and more mainstream media (MSM) real estate stories referring to the position of buyers in this standoff. Interestingly, I’ve heard with increasing frequency anecdotal suggestions that since transaction numbers are so low, perhaps so many buyers are now on the sidelines that once prices show any sign of stabilizing, everyone at once will come rushing in to purchase and it will be off to the races with happy days and increasing medians all over again. This is the “pent up demand” theory. Although it shouldn’t be a big surprise to hear realtors make this comment, some relatively rational colleagues and friends of mine have also wondered this out loud.

Well, my analysis of news in and around Irvine developments shows that this is almost certainly not going to happen. I would argue that any pent up demand is being countered with similar, or probably more, pent up supply. Many of these have been discussed on the forums, but here is my working summary of projects that are imminent and/or postponed. All will contribute to pent up supply in the months and years ahead:

Woodbury East– John Laing’s Celadon bravely opened on schedule this summer, but the originally-scheduled (late summer 2008) debut of California Pacific’s Sienna came and went, and William Lyon’s Ivy models look complete but are standing by, currently promised as January 2008.

Lyon Ivy

Above- William Lyon’s Ivy: “bold” attached product. Are the salespeople keeping themselves occupied watching satellite TV?

CalPac Sienna Sienna spacing

Above- California Pacific’s Sienna detached condos, models still under construction…laid out like Decada and its predecessors. Is it my imagination, or did they manage to place these even closer together?

In Woodbury, CalPac’s Andalucia single family homes appear delayed (“early 2008” the letter says), but I’m not sure of what their original opening date might have been.

Not now, later.

Orchard Hills- This entire development, originally slated to begin sales in late 2007, is officially postponed more than a year to 2009. Don’t be surprised if the opening is not early 2009 or the delay goes even longer. The Orchard Hills Apartments opened this summer, and do not appear to have incentives, so they may be leasing better than I predicted. The retail shops also opened on schedule, but how long will they be willing to pay TIC lease rates without progress building the community that was (presumably) supposed to be their primary market?

You can see more discussion on Orchard Hills here in the forum or here in a previous blog posting.

The Great Park (former El Toro MCAS)- Lennar has become rather quiet regarding progress and planning at the Great Park; apparently enough so to cause questions on behalf of the City of Irvine as to whether they are still committed to the original proposals. Keep in mind that Lennar won the bid for this property at the apparent peak of the market, in mid-2005.

LA Times Lennar Delay

“In Irvine, Lennar’s plans to build thousands of homes around the planned Orange County Great Park have been pushed back, and the city has not received an updated timeline from the developer since 2005.City officials said Lennar had projected that it would have 781 homes for sale by next year, though the developer said it vowed only to have that number of home sites ready for construction.A plan unveiled by Lennar last summer to nearly triple the number of homes from 3,625 to 9,500, while cutting back on commercial space and adding 400 acres to the park, hasn’t even been discussed with city officials.”

The Orange County Business Journal(registration required) quoted company officials as saying “I don’t think anyone has seen the bottom yet…[but] Lennar will be ready when the rebound comes” in reference to the housing market and their Orange County plans.

The new Village of Stonegate, north of Woodbury, has two signs from CalPac: Palmeras and Mirasol. I couldn’t find any details about either. One or both could even be apartments.

Palmeras Sign CalPac Mirasol

The grading and laying of utilities at Stonegate appears not too far behind similar work at Orchard Hills.

In the Villages of Columbus, William Lyon’s Mirabella luxury townhomes and Ainsley Park paired homes are “Coming soon.” From the brief description on the VOC website, it appears Mirabella is the Columbus Square successor to Kensington Court. Interestingly, they list a higher starting price point than Kensington Court (Columbus Grove, Irvine), which seems implausible given the change in the market and Tustin address.

For a good recap of Irvine project planning, see Zovall’s zoning map post.

A few interesting nuggets of industry rumor: Lennar is reportedly contemplating an end-of-year auction for at least some of their properties at the Villages of Columbus. Their end of fiscal is November, so this would likely occur in the next 30 days if true. Also, The Irvine Company is floating proposals for some kind of post-sale price guarantee to try to coax buyers off the fence. Details are very sketchy, and even if true, timing is unknown.

So the bottom line question should be: Will the buyers waiting for the market to get worse outlast the sellers waiting for the market to get better? For the sellers to win that battle, it assumes plausible the argument that the market is capable of postponing itself back to prosperity. Don’t bet on it.

David Lereah- Change of Heart?

May 2007 saw the reasonably-well publicized departure of David Lereah as “Chief Economist” of the National Association of Realtors. To understate the point, Mr. Lereah has been the object of plenty of attention in the housing blog community. Most of the attention was negative, and resulted from the frustration of repeatedly seeing and hearing him quoted in the mainstream media as something of an impartial expert regarding the condition of the housing market. Perhaps not surprisingly, Mr. Lereah tended toward the positive in his interpretation of housing sales data and future predictions, even when signs of weakness began to appear in the market. This must-see graph captures some of his better quotes, and when he offered them.

For those that didn’t explore the first link, Mr. Lereah published a book in early 2005 entitled “Are you missing the Real Estate Boom? Why home values and other real estate investments will climb through the end of the decade- and how you can profit from them.”

In 2006, this book was retitled “Why the Real Estate Boom will not bust- and how you can profit from it. How to build wealth in today’s expanding real eastate market.”

It is therefore interesting and amusing to see Mr. Lereah change the spin on his way out the door, and begin to apply some revisionist history. In this interview with Bob Brinker from early May, he even goes so far as to chastise the “speculators who strayed from fundamentals…and got us in trouble.”

David Lereah Interview

[audio:https://www.irvinehousingblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/DavidLereah.mp3]

If you want to skip ahead, his comments regarding Southern California arrive just after the 13 minute mark. Here are the highlights:

“L.A., San Diego, they are all out of whack right now. Prices got too high for the median household…there’s going to be a long period here, of recovery. Homesellers have been stubborn, they haven’t been reducing their prices as fast as their Northeast counterparts. Home sales are way down right now, and it will take price decreases- sellers lowering their prices- to bring buyers back to the marketplace. I suspect we’re not going to see any type of recovery there until at least 2008.”

While these decidedly negative comments may not sound particularly surprising to many of us, they are coming from the most prominent market cheerleader of the past several years, bar-none. The ‘soft landing’ holdouts may find this particularly sobering (and they should).

Despite this apparent dose of rationality, David still makes some bizarre remarks that are worth listening for:

  1. If speculators wouldn’t have come in to Vegas…
  2. Commissions are Commissions
  3. The baseball team the could save D.C. real estate
  4. Fingers and toes crossed, X2

Bob didn’t exactly give him a tough interview, but having David on the hook for more than a glib, obfuscated single quote was worth it to me.

It will be interesting to see how David’s heir apparent, Lawrence Yun, does carrying the torch as the market continues to correct, unwind, fall apart, or whatever you want to call it. Donning the skirt and waving the pom poms will require even more gumption in the months ahead.

Centex Pulling Out of Tustin Legacy

The next phase of Tustin Legacy, including the large eastern corner of the Tustin Marine Corps Air Station at Jamboree and Edinger (pictured above), is undergoing a potentially significant shakeup. Centex is negotiating to pull out of Tustin Legacy Community Partners, LLC, the Master Developer partnership with Shea Homes for this portion of the base’s development. (Other areas were led by Lyon, Lennar, and Laing)

 Legacy takedown

The OC Register reported:

At a special meeting on May 7, the City Council voted to approve restructuring the Tustin Legacy Community Partners development agreement to permit Centex Homes, a publicly traded company, to withdraw from the partnership.

Last month, Centex Homes announced its intention to withdraw from the project. The company recently stated that the withdrawal was a result of a review of its portfolio, including the financial resources necessary to remain in the partnership.

The Orange County Business Journal added:

The departure of Dallas-based Centex would make the partnership an all-local affair. Two units of Walnut-based J.F. Shea Co. as well as the city of Tustin are the other partners.

Legacy Park calls for 2,100 homes and 6.7 million square feet of offices, restaurants, shops and hotels in the next six to eight years. The project broke ground late last year.

This is probably a good example of how homebuilders are forced to respond to substantial financial pressure and “hunkering down” for this reversal in the market. It would validate news reports of homebuilders, in general, reducing their land holdings, and in many cases paying a penalty to forfeit these positions. Centex’s latest 10-K filing with the SEC, for the period ending March 31st, acknowledges rather plainly the nature of these pressures  (they are not referring specifically to Tustin Legacy):

“The risk of owning developed and undeveloped land can be substantial for homebuilders. The market value of undeveloped land, buildable lots and housing inventories can fluctuate significantly as a result of changing economic and market conditions, such as the adverse conditions we are currently experiencing. During the year ended March 31, 2007, we also determined it was probable we would not pursue development and construction in certain areas where we had made land option deposits, which resulted in significant write-offs of land option deposits and pre-acquisition costs. In addition, during the year ended March 31, 2007, we recorded land valuation adjustments, or impairments, to land under development primarily due to challenging market conditions and, to a lesser extent, cost overruns in land development budgets. These write-offs and impairments adversely affected our operating earnings and operating margins during the year ended March 31, 2007. If market conditions deteriorate further in future periods, we may decide not to pursue development and construction in additional areas, and the value of existing land holdings may continue to decline, which would lead to further write-offs of option deposits and pre-acquisition costs and further land impairments.””

It is not known how much Centex has invested so far in this relationship, which appears to have been solidified about one year ago, according to City of Tustin documents. This slide suggests that there are not direct land purchase costs at this (phase 1) stage in the project.

purchase-price.png

It does appear that the costs to make the infrastructure improvements (which are in the critical path to actually building on the land) were being borne by the partnership, so presumably they’d be on the hook for a portion of those. There have already been months of earthmoving and grading going on, as those who drive across Edinger regularly have seen.  There are mixed reports on whether this is a positive or defensive business move on the part of Centex. No evidence of an official announcement on the part of Centex, Shea, or the City of Tustin has been found yet.

What does it mean for the marketplace?

This isn’t clear. It is unlikely that Shea would become the exclusive builder on the property, given the sheer size. The Master Developer role means they can sell off sub-parcels to other interested homebuilders and it is reasonable to assume they would, to help spread risk. So to Orange County home shoppers, it may just mean a different mix of homes than otherwise would have been. But when reshuffles like this take place, I’d venture to guess it is a sign of significant stress in our marketplace, and despite suggestions to the contrary, Orange County isn’t immune.  The follow up questions for us to consider are:

  1. Has the marketplace yet seen the worst of this stress, or is more coming?
  2. Because of the lag from consumating the development deal to selling homes, are the land values agreed upon (and now the responsibility of Shea) still supported by the marketplace?
  3. Is this more of an opportuntiy or risk for Shea?

Referenced links:

OC Register Briefing  (about halfway down)

OCBJ Article (thanks to Zovall for research assistance)

Centex 10-K  pdf (pages 12 & 13)