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Jaysen,
This is a very interesting analysis and some attributes are similar to mine - such as the 4:1 ratio for square footage to lot size. I have a question for you - when you use the 2000- 2011 period, how do you account for the trend in the market? Are you breaking up your valuation into grouping of years into bands as you show in one of your charts above? There is also one additional variable that is hard to incorporate into the spreadsheet - specific pockets command a premium. I’m going to rework my model similar to yours for the Northwood area and compare results. I hope the info@ address is one where I can contact you off-line when I have a chance to look at this further.
RB,
Please feel free to contact me at info@ address on the Global Decision website. In the meantime…
We’ve really taken two approaches regarding the trend in the market. First, the model itself has a dummy variable called “yq” which contains a distinct value for each year-quarter combination (such as “yq2002-3” for Q3 2002). Doing so gives us a series of coefficients in the resulting regression that represent the impact of time, holding all else equal, on the value of Irvine housing.
A drawback to hedonic models is that they assume that the basic drivers of value don’t change over time. This assumption is always violated to some extent, so we ran separate hedonic models for year bands (2000-2003, etc.) to validate that what drove value in Irvine in the past continues to drive value in Irvine today.
As far as specific pockets, we have not gone more granular than the “village” level for Irvine, with a few exceptions (Old vs. New Northwood). However, if you could identify a few pockets that really boost value (maybe view homes in Quail Hill for example), you have some potential for improving the model. I believe our model itself could improve in the next iteration by splitting Westpark into 2-3 groups based on age of structure.
We’ve kicked around some ideas for model improvement, and we think that adding a flag for “major locational negative,” such as backing to Culver, the 405, or high voltage transmission lines. Of course we’d love to hear any other ideas that the IHB readership might have.
Jaysen,
The Santiago school pocket in Northwood for instance commands a premium in my model. I tried using the satellite coordinates without success to do this automatically, but maybe there is potential on those lines.
Interesting—in other cities, we’ve thought a lot about adding school districts/zones. There are databases you can access (for a fee perhaps) that map homes and or a lat/long to a school. In Irvine, we theorized that schools are a second-order impact due to overall good quality of schools in the city. It’s still something I’d love to test.
It may not just be the elevation that lends to the premiums in the Turtles and the Quail… they are the path to University High School.
Or it could be a chicken/egg quandary.
Would be very interesting to add mello roos dues (percentage change and or the lack of them) and HOA dues to the model - how much does the house price go up or down based on paying 1.8% mello roos vs. no mello roos for example.
Absolutely. Unfortunately, this data was harder to get, so it’s not in this version of the model. The dollar amount of Mello-Roos is probably our #1 desired add going forward. Logically, Mello-Roos are a huge negative due to the addition of 20%+ (0.8% for 30 years for example) to the true cost of a home. They hit especially hard for anyone who bought at peak pricing. A 0.8% Mello-Roos on a home that’s experienced a 40% decline in value (Ladera Ranch might be a good example, but let’s wait for the hedonic model results) is now a 1.33% Mello-Roos, with almost no possibility of a reduction. In rare cases a developer might reduce Mello-Roos by paying them down, but only when it’s in his best interest.
We’ll if a 1 story house adds 4.3% and a 3 story house takes away 3.8% what would a 2 story house do?
I think what Jaysen is saying is that the 2-story house is the baseline and those numbers are relative to 2-story houses.
You got it—2-story homes are the baseline. While you could pick 1- or (3-story) homes as the baseline and then turn the crank on the mathematics, one common convention is to use the most frequently occurring characteristic as baseline. This convention helps when looking at the statistical significance of deviation from baseline because it avoids baseline categories that are small and thus subject to more fluke and chance.
IrvineRenter wrote:
Unfortunately, any new projects since the 2010 New Home Collection in Irvine have all been 2-car garages. The only one selling new 3-car homes (tandems not the “classic” 3CWG) is Las Colinas and that was a tract being sold prior to 2010.
And maybe just as bad as losing that 3rd car space, a trend in new home building is the omission of the driveway. There are many detached condos (can’t call them SFRs) with the bad aesthetic of the frontal garage but it’s on a shared motorcourt instead of a proper private driveway.
So while new home stock in Irvine does have Great Rooms and huge master baths… it has not so great garages and disappearing driveways.
I may be dealing with a smaller sample size (last 2 years of Northwood), but the parking space correlation to sale price is very low (correlation factor of 0.06) for this year. I’m not surprised by the trend, and it’s not intuitive to me that for a 650K home, an additional garage adds nearly $35K in valuation - I’m going to take a fresh look at this. One stat that jumps out though is that older homes are correlated with fewer baths and bigger lot sizes.
I meant ‘parking space correlation to sale price is very low (correlation factor of 0.06) for this neighborhood’.
Per lot size - I think there are a few exceptions to the rule. For example, in Turtle Rock I see some older (early 70s) homes that have smaller square footage but a big lot going for a premium because the buyer can tear the house down and have a lot big enough to build a big new house on it.
This comment dovetails well with an important concept: regression models are best fits for all the data points. In a sense, they are like an average that tries to take into account the impact of all the factors on the value of a property. However, specific exceptions can and will occur.
The R-squared (stat-speak for how well the model fits the data, ranges from zero to one) for the Irvine model is unusually high at 0.956.
Irvine is an a truly exceptional area, for its lack of exceptions to the rules.
Actually, the better statement would have been ‘older homes are strongly correlated with fewer baths, less strongly with a smaller square footage and show a weaker correlation with a bigger lot size. There doesn’t seem to be a significant change in the number of beds’
Be careful about Northwood. There were quite a lot of 2-car tandems built there in the late 80’s and early 90’s. In every case, the option of utilizing the tandem space as a finished room was offered by the builders. And as it was a decision that had to be made before the slab was poured, most homes could have been finished that way originally, or retro-fitted later. It’s nearly impossible to tell from assessors records because the sq.ft of the homes came off of the approved plans prior to construction.
Concerning what will or is built is a reflection of the sale price and the building cost. Lots of McStacker in Quail Hill due to the lower construction cost of the 3 story vs. a one or story. Same thing for the garage, with the stinking lot size, there no space for a 3 car that requires land. I guess a car lift can be installed or have a multilevel garage(s).
The low discount factor for age in Irvine is a relief. Says people take care of or remodel their house or that the land value is a large factor.
It’s the land. Lots of old small places in Turtle rock with the original aluminum 70s windows but a good lot and location go for the big bucks and then get torn down.
For once a RE slogan is correct—location, location, location.
A house can be built almost anywhere or moved.
The location can’t be moved and to change a bad location to a great location takes a lifetime. Too bad the opposition direction is much quicker.
Windows can be easily replaced and updated. The teachers in the TR area are great. The parents also sets the tone for the kids’ learning.
There lots of great geographic locations in L.A. with views, good commute times to work, shopping and cultural areas, but the neighorhood has gone to the dumps. with crime.
Any articles on how to make one part of the county by increaing the crime in the other parts of the county? Irvine is very uniform except for some estate size houses—there really no dangerous neighorhoods other than enviromental polution or old landfill gases leaking out.
I followed up with my analysis of Northwood properties for the last two years under $1.25M. With regards to parking, I can see a relation, but what I see emerging as more statistically strong is a fixed-dollar contribution for parking. I see approximately $13K-$15K per additional garage in excess of a 2-car garage which I find more intuitive than a valuation which assigns a 5%+ increase to the valuation of the home. This itself did not have a significant impact on the overall fit. I did find a fairly strong relation with short sales as well, which I think had a bigger impact on the overall fit. I get a similar relationship for incremental baths as for incremental beds (i.e., negative correction) that I don’t think will significantly influence the regression if I didn’t consider baths in the first place. In summary, my current working hypothesis is that considering the square footage, lot size, age and short sale should be sufficient to mostly capture the relevant variables. That still leaves me with a fairly large standard error of around 9% for the overall fit which, I think, reflects various specific location within a zip code, other home-specific idiosyncrasies such as view and upgrades and buyer/seller mindset.
RB,
Your estimate extra for the garage is about the cost of construction plus extra driveway cost. The cost will vary depending on how fancy the construction—siding, stucco, brick, windows, roof material (tiles, composition shingles). That doesn’t include land cost.
There’s a balance. Not very many people will want to pay for a 5 car garage and one bath house, except use the property to remodel or tear down.
newbie2008,
Its good to know - its along the lines of what I expected. These are all correlated variables, therefore you usually see 5-car garages correlated with high square footage and big lot size and more baths, which is why I think eliminating some of these variables doesn’t significantly alter a valuation model.
Are you seriously telling me that you can tell the price difference from a 45 x 85 lot and a 50 x 90 lot? As a realtor, if I presented any of the above comments to a potential buyer, they would say, “Thank you for your time. We’ll find someone else to find a home for us.” All throughout Westpark, Northwood Square, Northwood Park, Tustin Ranch (yes, it is on The Ranch, just not in the school district)there were experiments with density achievements throughout the 1980-2005 time period. Most of this is just BS. When it boils down to resales there are only a few items on the criteria list.
I’m skeptical that a buyer would say “find a home” since that’s realtard-speak.
It’s either a house (SFR) or a condo. Not a “home.”
SanJoseRenter, you’ve just identified the real problem. We have, those of us who have been in the business for a while, convinced at least 2 generations that residential real estate should be treated just like stock purchases. What’s it’s P/E?, small cap?, large cap? This might come as a huge surprise to you but the word HOME is not retard-speak. Besides any difficulties in obtaining financing, the real problem in the real estate market is that no one is seeing any rise in prices, read…equity (possibly that can be accessed for other uses). SFR, Condo are zoning references. They relate to type of building construction, size of lot, etc. Why doesn’t the building industry just go back to building 1950’s post-war ding-bats all on the same standard sized lots and forget parks, neighborhood shopping, churches, schools, recreational opportunities, etc.?