Land-use regulation assists the formation of housing bubbles

Jan 13th, 2011  
by IrvineRenter  in Library News

Astute Observations

Astute Observation by winstongator
2011-01-13 05:50 AM

There is also the idea of how an area is described.  Miami might have smart-growth land restrictions, but I doubt they apply to its suburbs like West Kendall, or even the suburbs of Ft Lauderdale that are included in the Case-Shiller index for Miami.  While it is not in the Tampa MSA, places like Ft. Myers and its burbs like Cape Coral saw more ridiculous run-ups than Tampa, but have much less restrictive use measures.

What are the land-use restrictions in Vegas?

I 100% agree that land-use regulations (it’s only restrictions on certain types of activities) might have caused some of the initial run-up (03-04), it cannot explain the behavior of 05-06.  This is because of the fact that a massive percentage of purchases nation-wide at that time were not owner-occupied homes - usually ‘investment’ properties.  80% of condos in Miami were going to investors! Land-use has zero impact on how investors view an area.  It is these speculators, fueled by terrible financing products and wholly irresponsible actions by investment banks and players like AIG.

Houston, and TX in general, has minimal land-use regulations.  However, they used to have terrible fluctuations in housing values.  It doesn’t take much to figure out why. 

This type of analysis (land-use regs caused the bubble) is especially troubling because it is often pushed by those that are strongest against improving bank regulations.  Keeping alternate theories around allow them to say that changing the most dangerous banking practices is unnecessary.

Astute Observation by IrvineRenter
2011-01-13 08:59 AM

“This type of analysis (land-use regs caused the bubble) is especially troubling because it is often pushed by those that are strongest against improving bank regulations.  Keeping alternate theories around allow them to say that changing the most dangerous banking practices is unnecessary.”

I hadn’t thought about that, but you are probably right. I had assumed the agenda of the authors was merely to roll back land use regulation, but their larger purpose may be to serve as a distraction to prevent banking regulations from being passed.

Astute Observation by winstongator
2011-01-13 10:59 AM

The exception to this is Krugman.  [url=“http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/06/desert-bubbles/”>He summarized bubble vs. non-bubble as flatland & zoned-zone</a>. “But in the Zoned Zone, which lies along the coasts, a combination of high population density and land-use restrictions - hence “zoned” - makes it hard to build new houses.”

<a ]He seems to be sticking by his land-use idea[/url]

I’m glancing through the zoning info from his Brookings link.  It definitely shows a difference between Dade County and Broward County zoning, but there was little difference in how their prices moved.

It’s also hard to analyze the data presented.  But I did a quick comparison of FL vs. NC looking at population gain vs. total housing units change.  Looking at census data from 2000 and the 2005-2009 survey, both populations rose by 13%, while number of housing units rose by 18%.  Prices have declined all across FL, so they could not fall back on the ‘less homes were built in the bubble areas’, which would probably be false anyway.  If there were really more barriers to construction, we should see significant differences between a high-regulation state (FL) and a low-reg state (NC).

Astute Observation by winstongator
2011-01-13 06:12 AM

I would offer an alternative theory of areas that have the most house-price volatility: the higher the DTI, the more volatility you will see.  If an area has lower DTI’s then people are evaluating homes primarily wrt replacement costs-depreciation.  If people are maxing out their DTI - well above GSE recommended levels (Miami MSA had an average much higher than the national average at bubble-peak) - any change in financing pushing payments down directly translates to higher prices.  Option-ARMs were available everywhere, but only had large impacts in certain areas.  The common feature of those areas is high DTIs.

The other problem was that banks viewed the collateral as always increasing in value so that a default is a non-event.  Refi or sell, or we foreclose and get the appreciation.

It’s interesting to think, every bank was working on this assumption, and many pension funds or other MBS buyers implicitly also.  However banks did not hold a lot of real-estate directly on their books.  If their assumption were true, then they were leaving a lot of cash on the table.

Astute Observation by Feral
2011-01-13 08:45 AM

DOW down this morning after UE numbers, probably green by close, or down fractionally, with futures up again tomorrow.  Main Street twitching to get in the game now and BUY after pressing their noses against the glass watching everybody else get rich. Orderly entrance, orderly exit. Lather rinse repeat.

Astute Observation by lowrydr310
2011-01-13 10:26 AM

Hey all you experts, have you seen this:

U.S. Foreclosure Filings May Jump 20% in 2011 as Crisis Peaks

The number of U.S. homes receiving a foreclosure filing will climb about 20 percent in 2011, reaching a peak for the housing crisis, as unemployment remains high and banks resume seizures after a slowdown, RealtyTrac Inc. said.

“We will peak in foreclosures and probably bottom out in pricing, and that’s what we need to do in order to begin the recovery,” Rick Sharga, RealtyTrac’s senior vice president, said in an interview at Bloomberg headquarters in New York. “But it’s probably not going to feel good in the process.”

That guy seems pretty confident about a peak in foreclosures. What evidence is there that foreclosures WILL peak?

Astute Observation by IrvineRenter
2011-01-13 11:16 AM

Foreclosures would have peaked in 2010 if the banks had continued on their course to increase foreclosures in 2010. Since they changed their minds in March of 2010 and decided to focus on short sales, it has taken them nine months to realize that would fail, so now they are back to where they were at the beginning of 2010.

They really don’t have much choice but to increase foreclosures. Their alternative is to allow widespread squatting and give away houses.

Astute Observation by lee in irvine
2011-01-13 11:35 AM

Nicely said.

The banks are scared to death ... and this is the exact reason why they are not loaning money.  Their reserves are growing in anticipation.

Astute Observation by Planet Reality
2011-01-13 02:17 PM

“Banks are scared to death”

“Banks are not loaning money”

What planet are you living on, you’re definitely not living in Irvine or Orange County.

Astute Observation by CapitalismWorks
2011-01-13 02:34 PM

Apparently you haven’t talked to anyone at the FDIC, nor anyone in commercial lending, nor anyone trying to get a business loan, etc. etc.

Bank B/Ss are SHRINKING. Huh? Why is that you ask?

C’mon, I know you’re not that stupid.

Astute Observation by tenmagnet
2011-01-13 02:49 PM

He didn’t get the memo
Wall $treet Won!

Astute Observation by tenmagnet
2011-01-13 02:54 PM

I mean’t Lee not PR

Astute Observation by winstongator
2011-01-13 05:09 PM

Bank B/S’s are shrinking because they are writing down bad loans.  They are originating a huge number of loans for sale to the GSE’s.  I do not think the GSE balance sheets are shrinking.  The GSEs can then semi-offload their MBSs to the FED (either directly or through buyers who would be buying the treasuries that the fed is buying.  The Fed’s balance sheet is definitely not shrinking.

Banks are eager to lend to those that meet reasonable standards.  Lending is much looser now than it was a year ago.

Astute Observation by CapitalsimWorks
2011-01-13 09:23 PM

Wrong. Bank balance sheets are deflating because commercial underwriting ground to a halt, and Basel III capital requirements require even higher capital requirements to maintain meaning lower leverage ratios. The result is continued pressure to de-lever.

As banks take the hits on bad loans they immediately pressure capital ratios, and must either rase capital or sell assets.

Astute Observation by Will
2011-01-13 10:44 AM

Strong land use regulations reflect the triumph of the haves against the have nots, often using environmental or energy conservation arguments to support their desire to keep out more people.  Once you legistlate, say, a large minimum lot size it becomes almost impossible to build new housing that most people can afford.  That’s great if you already own a home in that area…not so good if you want to buy!

Astute Observation by lily
2011-01-13 10:59 AM

Land-use regulation is the root of the RE bubble, it helps only rich person, such as Donaldson Bent, as well as politicians get re-elected. But the high flying RE prices only help to increase our national debt ($14 trillion).

My relatives own innumerous land in one of most desired city in Asia, so I have certain knowledge in how this is done in other countries to prevent unfair profits from people invent on the land and sucking our blood and our children’s blood.

In most civilized counties, if a land is approved to be residential zone after the land owner request, the land property tax instance goes up to 10-30%% of the land value, this will force the land own to develop it ASAP. However, if land own does not apply it, then the own may face new regulations and other factors, so the owner need to take risk.

Back to Irvine, after IAC change land zone to residential zone, it stays there for as long as it wishes with super low property tax,  this is the problem, the law should enforce the land to be developed ASAP, this will instantly lower the RE prices.

Astute Observation by lee in irvine
2011-01-13 11:12 AM

The “Root” of the real estate bubble is the banking system.

Astute Observation by lee in irvine
2011-01-13 11:39 AM

The “root” of The Great Housing Bubble really goes back to The Fed’s reckless monetary policies when we had negative (real) interest rates, creating subsidies for credit which WS and housing exploited.

Astute Observation by lowrydr310
2011-01-13 12:23 PM

Do we still have negative interest rates? I would think so - this “Charlie Sheen” economy (as ‘Feral’ put it so nicely yesterday) is STILL fueled by cheap credit with no end in sight.

The problem is the solution is the problem.


BTW, I just bought a new car with 100% financing and 0.9% interest!

Astute Observation by just bought in irvine
2011-01-13 12:44 PM

What were you thinking!!!!

I just bought a car with 100% financing and 0% interest!!

Astute Observation by lowrydr310
2011-01-14 09:49 AM

It was a poular Japanese model. When was the last time a Japanese manufacturer offered near-zero interest rates?

Toyota is offering it on their smaller cars. I happened to pick up a large gas-guzzling Honda people hauler.

I’m not worried about fuel prices either. Sure they’re on the way up now, but our economy is too frail to handle that, and the powers that be will make sure they go back down to support growth. This current spike in oil prices is a creatively engineered bubble to scare people and to enable the vultures to suck out another round of profits from amateur investors.

Astute Observation by Planet Reality
2011-01-13 05:25 PM

In Lee’s world wall street is about to lose any day now, but in reality the music keeps playing with the fractional reserve money floating off the printing press.

Astute Observation by awgee
2011-01-13 02:02 PM

“how this is done in other countries to prevent unfair profits from people invent on the land and sucking our blood and our children’s blood.”

In this country we do not have “unfair profits”.  We have private property rights.

Astute Observation by alan
2011-01-13 06:01 PM

In New Mexico, all you have to do is keep a couple cows on your land to qualify it as ‘argicultural’ and then your property taxes go down to zip.

Astute Observation by alan
2011-01-13 06:04 PM

Cows work in Florida too…

http://www2.tbo.com/content/2008/jun/28/280018/me-cattle-call-cuts-johnsons-taxes/

Astute Observation by nefron
2011-01-13 07:57 PM

Hey, that’s handy.  Fresh milk, fertilizer,lawn maintenance AND lower taxes.  I like this idea!

Astute Observation by lee in irvine
2011-01-13 12:04 PM

Here we go!
———————————————————
The Foreclosure Dump
Published: Thursday, 13 Jan 2011 | 1:24 PM ET
By: Diana Olick
CNBC Real Estate Reporter

It’s coming, no question.

Today’s report from RealtyTrac serves as a warning to big banks, Fannie, Freddie and local communities; The foreclosure glut is coming, and they’d better be ready to get rid of that glut in a big way.

MORE
http://www.cnbc.com/id/41059824

Astute Observation by Feral
2011-01-13 03:41 PM

I hope your right, but I’m not so sure.  A Fannie Mae duplex a few doors down from a two other duplexes we own came up for sale; we offered 10% below asking, cash.  Their response so far…the sound of crickets chirping.

Astute Observation by Shevy
2011-01-13 01:10 PM

The incentives are wrong as long as we incentivize and allow bankers to lie, cheat, and steal they will.

http://blogs.forbes.com/robertlenzner/2011/01/12/us-banks-reporting-phantom-income-on-1-4-trillion-delinquent-mortgages/?boxes=Homepagechannels

Astute Observation by awgee
2011-01-13 02:05 PM

The problem is that banks have been regulated and legislated into perpetual existance by the Federal Reserve Act.  Get rid of the Federal Reserve, fractional reserve banking, and fiat currency, and banks will not be able to create money, nor become tbtf, and will be prosecuted when they cheat.  Presently cheating and stealing is legislated.  More regulation is more of the same problem.

Astute Observation by AZDavidPhx
2011-01-13 05:38 PM

we wont accept anything less then $462,000

Grammar FAIL.

Astute Observation by Chris
2011-01-13 08:57 PM

‘wont’?

Apostrophe FAIL.

Astute Observation by Bill
2011-01-17 01:50 PM

Regarding the property example, it looks more like the toolbag is just maximizing his cashflow, far beyond anything rent would’ve provided over cost of ownership.  I’m not saying it’s right, just highly profitable!

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